XLIV Grand Prix d'Endurance les 24 Heures du Mans 1976
Circuit de la Sarthe, Le Mans, France

 

Date: June 12-13 Track Length (m): 13 640
Attendance:   Pole Position: Jean-Pierre Jabouille, Alpine, 3:33.01 = 230.427 km/h
Entries:   Fastest Lap: Jean-Pierre Jabouille, Alpine, 3:43.00 = 220.197
Practiced: 58 Distance (km): 4769.923
Starters: 55 Average Speed (km/h): 198.746
Classified: 24    

 

Pos Cla. # Team / Entrant
Car - Engine / Tuner
Drivers, Nationality Engine
Vol
(cc)
Engine
Type
Tyres Group Laps
Km
Time (of ret)
Reason Out
1 1 20 Martini Racing Porsche System, DEU
Porsche 936 - Porsche 911/78
Jacky Ickx, BEL
Gijs van Lennep, NED
DNS Rolf Stommelen, DEU
DNS Manfred Schurti, LIE
2142
tc
F6 GY S
3000
350  
2 2 10 Grand Touring Cars Inc, USA
Mirage GR8 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Jean-Louis Lafosse, FRA
Francois Migault, FRA
DNS Derek Bell, GBR

DNS Vern Schuppan, AUS
2993 V8 GY S
3000
339  
3 3 12 Alain de Cadenet, GBR
De Cadenet Lola T380 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Alain de Cadenet, GBR
Chris Craft, GBR
2993 V8 GY S
3000
338  
4 4 40 Martini Racing Porsche System, DEU
Porsche 935 - Porsche 930/72
Rolf Stommelen, DEU
Manfred Schurti, LIE
DNS Jacky Ickx, BEL
DNS Gijs van Lennep, NED
2856
tc
F6 D Gr 5 332  
5 5 11 Grand Touring Cars Inc, USA
Mirage GR8 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Derek Bell, GBR
Vern Schuppan, AUS
DNS Jean-Louis Lafosse, FRA
DNS Francois Migault, FRA
2993 V8 GY S
3000
327  
6 6 52 Gérard Méo, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Raymond Touroul, FRA
Alain Cudini, FRA
DNS René Boubet, FRA
DNS Gérard Méo, FRA
DNS Roger Demaisin, FRA
DNS Jean-Claude Lagniez, FRA
2993 F6   Gr 5 315  
7 7 17 Joest Racing, DEU
Porsche 908/3 Turbo - Porsche 911/78
Ernst Kraus, DEU
Günter Steckkönig, DEU
DNS Reinhold Jöst, DEU
DNS Jürgen Barth, DEU
2142
tc
F6 GY S
3000
314  
8 8 1 Inaltera, FRA
Inaltera - Ford Cosworth DFV
Jean-Pierre Beltoise, FRA
Henri Pescarolo, FRA
2993 V8   GTP 305  
9 9 63 Egon Evertz KG, DEU
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Heinz Martin, DEU
Hartwig Bertrams, DEU
Egon Evertz, DEU
DNS Lella Lombardi, ITA
2993 F6   Gr 5 303  
10 10 42 BMW Alpina, DEU
(BMW Motorsport GmbH, DEU)
BMW 3.5 CSL - BMW M49/3
Harald Grohs, DEU
Sam Posey, USA
Baron Hughes de Fierlandt, BEL
DNS Hervé Poulain, FRA
DNS Brian Redman, GBR
DNS Peter Gregg, USA
3496 L6 GY Gr 5 300  
11 11 54 Louis Meznarie, FRA
Porsche 934/935 Turbo
Hubert Striebig, FRA
Anny Charlotte Verney, FRA
Helmut Kirschoffer, FRA
DNS Guy Chasseuil, FRA
2992
tc
F6   Gr 5 299  
12 12 71 "Segolen", FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
"Segolen" (André Gahinet), FRA
Michel Ouviére, FRA
Jean-Yves Gadal, FRA
2992 F6   Gr 4 293  
13 13 53 Jean-Claude Andruet / A.S.A. Cachia, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Thierry Sabine, FRA
Philippe Dagoreau, FRA
Jean-Claude Andruet, FRA
DNS Henri Cachia, F RA
2993 F6   Gr 5 289  
14 14 77 Tom Vaugh, USA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Tom Vaugh, USA
John Rulon-Miller, USA
Jean-Pierre Laffeach, FRA
2993 F6   IMSA 284  
15 15 35 Daniel Brillat - Georges Morand, FRA/SUI
Lola T292 - Ford Cosworth BDG/C
Georges Morand, SUI
Francois Trisconi, SUI
André Chevalley, SUI
DNS Daniel Brillat, FRA
DNS Giancarlo Gagliardi, ITA
1998 L4   S
2000
280  
16 16 57 Gelo Racing Team, DEU
Porsche 934
Tim Schenken, AUS
Toine Hezemans, NED
2992
tc
F6   Gr 4 278  
17 17 67 Joël Laplacette, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Joël Laplacette, FRA
Alain Leroux, FRA
Georges Bourdillat, FRA
DNS M. Baxa
2993 F6   Gr 4 274  
18 18 50 Thierry Perrier, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Thierry Perrier, FRA
Guy de Saint-Pierre, FRA
Martine Rénier, FRA
2993 F6   Gr 5 274  
19 19 65 Porsche Kremer Racing, DEU
Porsche 934
"Marie-Claude Beaumont" (Marie-Claude Charmasson), FRA
Didier Pironi, FRA
Bob Wollek, FRA
2992
tc
F6   Gr 4 271  
20 20 3 Robert Neyret - Chardonnet, FRA
Lancia Stratos Turbo - Ferrari
Christine Dacremont, FRA
Lella Lombardi, ITA
2418
tc
V6 M GTP 266  
21 21 2 Inaltera, FRA
Inaltera - Ford Cosworth DFV
Christine Beckers, BEL
Jean-Pierre Jaussaud, FRA
Jean Rondeau, FRA
2993 V8   GTP 265  
22 22 31 Chandler I.B.E.C. International, GBR
Lola T294S - Ford Cosworth FVC/Richardson
Tony Birchenhough, GBR
Ian Bracey, GBR
Simon Phillips, GBR
Brian Joscelyne, GBR
DNS Ian Harrower, GBR
1950 L4 GY S
2000
253  
23 23 55 Equipe Alméras Fréres, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Christian Poirot, FRA
René Boubet, FRA
DNS Jean-Claude Lagniez, FRA
DNS Jean-Marie Alméras, FRA
DNS Jacques Alméras, FRA
DNS Jean-Francois Mas, FRA
2993 F6   Gr 5 246  
24 24 95 Les Maisons de Week Ends, FRA
(Jean-Louis Ravenel, FRA)
BMW 3.0 CSL
Jean-Louis Ravenel, FRA
Jacky Ravenel, FRA
Jean-Marie Détrin, FRA
Dany Wauters, BEL
3000 L6   Gr 2 238  
                     
25 NC 30 Jean-Marie Lemerle, FRA
Lola T294 - Chrysler-Simca / ROC
Jean-Marie Lemerle, FRA
Alain Lévie, FRA
Patrick Daire, FRA
1994 L4   S
2000
219  
26 NC 61 A.S.A. Cachia, FRA
Porsche 934
Jean-Claude Andruet, FRA
Henri Cachia, FRA
Jacques Borras, FRA
DNS Thierry Sabine, FRA
DNS Denis Rua, FRA
DNS Philippe Albera, FRA
2992
tc
F6   Gr 4 204  
27 NC 70 "Beurlys", BEL
Porsche 934
"Jean Beurlys" (Jean Blaton), BEL
Nick Faure, GBR
John Goss, AUS
DNS John Cooper, GBR
2992
tc
F6   Gr 4 169  
                     
28 DQ 29 José Thibault, FRA
Lenham - Ford Cosworth FVC
José Thibault, FRA
Alain Hubert, FRA
Michel Lateste, FRA
1840 L4   S
2000
88
14h
Insufficient distance
                     
29 DNF 47 Porsche Kremer Racing, DEU
Porsche 935
Juan-Carlos Bolanos, MEX
Eduardo Lopez Negrete, MEX
Billy Sprowls, USA/MEX
Hans Heyer, DEU
2807
tc
F6   Gr 5 272
24h
Fire
30 DNF 58 GVEA Porsche Club Romand, SUI
Porsche 934
Bernard Chenevière, SUI
Peter Zbinden, SUI
Nicolas Bührer, SUI
DNS Claude Haldi, SUI
DNS Mario Casoni, ITA
DNS Arturo Merzario, ITA
DNS Juan Fernandez, ESP
2993
tc
F6   Gr 4 270
23h
Valves
31 DNF 26 Société R.O.C., FRA
Chevron B36 - Chrysler-Simca ROC
Alain Flotard, FRA
Fred Stalder, FRA
Albert Dufréne, FRA
DNS Jacques Henry, FRA
1996 L4   S
2000
241
23h
Oil pump
32 DNF 69 Schiller Racing Team, SUI
Porsche 934 - Porsche 930/71
Claude Haldi, SUI
Florian Vetsch, SUI
2993
tc
F6 GY Gr 4 219
19h
Valves
33 DNF 18 Martini Racing Joest, DEU
Porsche 936 Spider
Reinhold Jöst, DEU
Jürgen Barth, DEU
2142
tc
F6   S
3000
218
17h
Engine
34 DNF 46 Team Brock, AUS
BMW 3.5 CSL
Peter Brock, AUS
Brian Muir, AUS
Jean-Claude Aubriet, FRA
DNS "Depnic" (Jean-Claude Depince), FRA
DNS Vern Schuppan, AUS
3498 L6   Gr 5 156
19h
Gearbox
35 DNF 78 Diego Febles Racing, PR
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Diego Febles, PR
Alec Poole, GBR
Hiram Cruz, MEX
DNS Derek McMahon, IRL
2993 F6   IMSA 144
15h
Gearbox
36 DNF 19 Renault Sport, FRA
Alpine A442 - Renault Turbo
Jean-Pierre Jabouille, FRA
Patrick Tambay, FRA
José Dolhem, FRA
DNS René Arnoux, FRA
DNS Jackie Stewart, GBR
1997
tc
V6 M S
3000
135
11h
Piston
37 DNF 44 A.S.P.M. Tanday Music., FRA
BMW 3.5 CSL
Jean-Claude Justice, FRA
Jean Bélin, FRA
DNS Michel Seban, FRA
DNS Erik Vartan, NED
DNS Jean-Claude Aubriet, FRA
DNS "Depnic" (Jean-Claude Depince), FRA
3498 L6   Gr 5 128
13h
Head gasket
38 DNF 5 Ecurie Batteries et Piles TS, FRA
WM P76 - Peugeot PRV ZN84
Guy Chasseuil, FRA
Claude Ballot-Léna, FRA
Xavier Mathiot, FRA
2664 V6 M GTP 125
13h
Fuel tank
39 DNF 16 Egon Evertz KG, DEU
Porsche 908/3 Turbo
Leo Kinnunen, FIN
Egon Evertz, DEU
2142
tc
F8 D S
3000
124
11h
Engine
40 DNF 43 BMW Schnitzer, DEU
(BMW Motorsport GmbH, DEU)
BMW 3.5 CSL
Dieter Quester, AUT
Albrecht Krebs, DEU
Alain Peltier, BEL
3496 L6   Gr 5 117
12h
Fire
41 DNF 90 Nascar-Winston - W.-C. Donhavey, USA
Ford Torino (Banjo's Performance)
Richard Brooks, USA
Dick Hutcherson, USA
Marcel Mignot, FRA
7003 V8 GY N'CAR 104
11h
Gearbox
42 DNF 27 Societé R.O.C., FRA
Chevron B36 - Chrysler-Simca ROC
Francois Servanin, FRA
Laurent Ferrier, FRA

DNS Fred Stalder, FRA
1996 L4   S
2000
88
11h
CV joint
43 DNF 72 William Vollery, SUI
Porsche 911 Carrera RS
Jean-Pierre Aeschlimann, SUI
Roger Dorchy, FRA
William Vollery, SUI
DNS Jean-Claude Bering, SUI
2993 F6   Gr 4 82
9h
Battery
44 DNF 62 Philippe Dagoreau, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Christian Bussi, FRA
Philippe Gurdjian, FRA
Christian Gouttepifre, FRA
DNS Philippe Dagoreau, FRA
DNS Thierry Sabine, FRA
2993 F6   Gr 4 79
9h
Engine
45 DNF 49 Gelo Racing Team, DEU
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Clemens Schickentanz, DEU
Howden Ganley, NZL
2993 F6   Gr 5 74
7h
Drive shaft
46 DNF 33 Georges Schäfer, SUI
Chevron B26 - Ford Cosworth FVC
Georges Schäfer, SUI
Jean-Pierre Adatte, FRA
Riccardo Albanesi, SUI
DNS Jean-Pierre Laffeach, FRA
1786 L4   S
2000
62
7h
Engine
47 DNF 73 Sion Autos 2001
Datsun HLS 30/260Z
Claude Buchet, FRA
André Haller, FRA*
Jean-Luc Favresse, FRA
DNS Hans Schuller, DEU
2565 L6   Gr 4 39
7h
* Fatal accident
48 DNF 76 IMSA-Camel - J. Greenwood, USA
Chevrolet Corvette Stingray
John Greenwood, USA
Bernard Darniche, FRA
DNS Burt Greenwood, USA
6997 V8 GY IMSA 29
5h
Fuel tank
49 DNF 41 BMW Motorsport GmbH, DEU
BMW 3.0 CSL Turbo
Peter Gregg, USA
Brian Redman, GBR
DNS Hervé Poulain, FRA
DNS Sam Posey, USA
DNS Harald Grohs, DEU
DNS Baron Hughes de Fierlandt, BEL
3200
tc
L6   Gr 5 23
4h
Oil leak
50 DNF 45 Hermetite Products Ltd, GBR
BMW 3.5 CSL - BMW M49/3
John Fitzpatrick, GBR (DND)
Tom Walkinshaw, GBR
DNS Les Blackburn, GBR
3498 L6 GY Gr 5 17
3h
Fire
51 DNF 75 IMSA-Camel - M. Keyser, USA
Chevrolet Monza GT
Michael Keyser, USA
Eddie Wachs, USA (DND)
DNS Milt Minter, USA
5733?
4437?
V8   IMSA 11
3h
Axle
52 DNF 21 GVEA Porsche Club Romand / Xavier Lapeyre, SUI/FRA
Lola T286 - Ford Cosworth DFV/Mader
Dr Xavier Lapeyre, FRA
Bernard Chevanne, FRA (DND)
DNS Pierre-Marie Painvin, FRA
2993 V8   S
3000
9
4h
Engine
53 DNF 48 Jean-Louis Chateau, FRA
Porsche 934/5
Jean-Louis Chateau, FRA
Dominique Fornage, FRA (DND)
Jean-Claude Guérie, FRA (DND)
2993
tc
F6   Gr 5 9
7h
Gearbox
54 DNF 4 NASCAR-Winston - H. McGriff, USA
Dodge Charger (Hyde)Chrysler/Wedge
Hershel McGriff, USA
Doug McGriff, USA (DND)
6979 V8 GY N'CAR 2
2h
Oil leak
55 DNF 36 Chuck Graeminger, SUI
Cheetah G601 - BMW
Daniel Brillat, FRA
Michel Degoumois, SUI (DND)
"Depnic" (Jean-Claude Depince), FRA (DND)
DNS Christian Blanc, SUI
DNS Herbert Müller, SUI
DNS Jürg Dubler, SUI
1998 L4   S
2000
2
1h
CV joint
                     
56 DNS 82 André Wicky - Martial Delalande, SUI/FRA
De Tomaso Pantera - Ford
Jacques Marché, FRA
Martial Delalande, FRA
Max Cohen-Olivar, MOR
DNS Simon Segala
DNS Philippe Carron, SUI
DNS Jean-Marie Carron, SUI
5769 V8   GTX    
                     
57 DNQ 8 Team Warsteiner - Racing Team Schulthess, DEU
TOJ SC301 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Heinz Schulthess, SUI
Jean-Claude Lagniez, FRA
Max Antichan, FRA
Francois Migault, FRA
2993 V8   S
3000
   
58 DNQ 25 Team Warsteiner - Racing Team Schulthess, DEU
TOJ SC204 - Chrysler-Simca ROC
Jacques Marquet, FRA
Corinne Koppenhague, FRA
Jacky Haran, FRA
DNS Elio Cogo, FRA
DNS Luciano Arnold, ITA
DNS Roland Salomon, SUI
2000 L4   S
2000
   
59 DNQ 72 Paul Rilly, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
Paul Rilly, FRA
Roger Le Veve, FRA
  F6   Gr 4   Did not pass
scrutineering
                     
60 DNA 5 North American Racing Team, USA
Ferrari 512 BB
-
-
4942 V12   IMSA    
61 DNA 6 North American Racing Team, USA
Ferrari 308 GTB
-
-
      IMSA    
62 DNA 11 IMSA, USA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
-
-
  F6   IMSA    
63 DNA 14 Gelo Racing Team, DEU
Mirage GR7 - Ford Cosworth DFV
-
-
2993 V8   S
3000
   
64 DNA 15 Media-Courses, FRA
Lola T286 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Yves Courage, FRA
Bernard Béguin, FRA
Daniel Boudrie, FRA
2993 V8   S
3000
   
65 DNA 24 André Wicky, SUI
Porsche 908/02
Walter Brun, SUI
Max Cohen-Olivar, MOR
André Wicky, SUI
3000 F8   S
3000
   
66 DNA 26 Jean-Claude Andruet, FRA
Alfa Romeo Tipo 33TT12
Jean-Claude Andruet, FRA
-
2995 F12   S
3000
   
67 DNA 28 Eugen Strähl, SUI
March 76S - BMW M12
Eugen Strähl, SUI
Peter Bernhard, SUI
Markus Hotz, SUI
Fredy Lienhard, SUI
1997 L4        
68 DNA 32 Jean de Connick, FRA
Chevron B36 - Ford Cosworth
Jean de Connick, FRA
John J. Caly
Michel Lateste, FRA
  L4   S
2000
   
69 DNA 44 Anjou, FRA
Lola T292 - Chrysler-Simca ROC
Lucien Guitteny, FRA
R Martini, FRA
  L4   S
2000
   
70 DNA 49 A.S.P.M., FRA
Moynet LM - Chrysler-Simca ROC
-
-
  L4   S
2000
   
71 DNA 56 Martini Racing, DEU
Porsche 935 - Porsche 930/72
-
-
2856
tc
F6   Gr 5    
72 DNA 59 BMW Motorsport GmbH, DEU
BMW 3.5 CSL - BMW M49/3
-
-
3498 L6   Gr 5    
73 DNA 66 Scuderia Jolly Club, ITA
Ford Escort RS 2000 - Ford Cosworth BDG
Martino Finotto, ITA
Carlo Facetti, ITA
2000 L4   Gr 5    
74 DNA 70 North American Racing Team, USA
Ferrari 365 GTB/4
-
-
4390 V12   Gr 4    
75 DNA 73 Porsche Club Romand, SUI
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR - Porsche 911/75
Peter Zbinden, SUI
Claude Haldi, SUI
Nicolas Bührer, SUI
  F6   Gr 4    
76 DNA 78 Marcel Mignot, FRA
Porsche 934
Marcel Mignot, FRA
-

tc
F6   Gr 4    
77 DNA 80 Gelo Racing Team, DEU
Porsche 934
 
tc
F6   Gr 4    
78 DNA 90 Maison du Chalet, FRA
Opel Commodore GSE
Jean-Louis Ravenel, FRA
Jacky Ravenel, FRA
Dany Wauters, BEL
  F6   Gr 2    
79 DNA 96 Jean-Claude Aubriet, FRA
BMW 3.5 CSL
Jean-Claude Aubriet, FRA
"Depnic" (Jean-Claude Depince), FRA
  L6   Gr 2    
                     
80 NAC 3 Gérard Cuynet, FRA
Lola T280 - Ford Cosworth DFV
Gérard Cuynet, FRA
Jean Belin, FRA
2993 V8   GTP    
81 NAC 21 Porsche Club Romand, SUI
Porsche 911 Carrera
Porsche 911/75
Peter Zbinden, SUI
Nicolas Bührer, SUI
Claude Haldi, SUI
3498 F6   Gr 4    
82 NAC 27 Sauber Racing, SUI
Sauber C5 - BMW M12
Herbert Müller, SUI
-
1999 L4   S
2000
   
83 NAC 45 Michel Guicherd, FRA
Chrysler Hemicuda
Michel Guicherd, FRA
Christian Avril, FRA
Jean-Claude Geral, FRA
7000 V8   Gr 5    
84 NAC 57 Christian Gouttepifre, FRA
Ford Capri
Christian Gouttepifre, FRA
-
      Gr 5    
85 NAC 58 Joel Mouetron, FRA
Porsche 911 SCG
Joel Mouetron, FRA
-
  F6   Gr 5    
86 NAC 73 M.T. Rolland, FRA
Mercedes-Benz 450 SEL
Bernard Damilleville, FRA
Bruno Damilleville, FRA
6833 V8   Gr 4    
87 NAC 80 Ben Heiderich, ESP
Porsche 934
Ben Heiderich, ESP
Jaime Lazcano, ESP
Juan Llagostera, ESP
  F6   Gr 4    
88 NAC 84 X Racing, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR - Porsche 911/75
Jacques Henry, FRA
Guy Fréquelin, FRA
Pierre-Francois Rousselot, FRA
Raymond Touroul, FRA
  F6   Gr 4    
89 NAC 85 Robert Boubet, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera - Porsche 911/75
Robert Boubet, FRA
Christian Lunel, FRA
Raymond Touroul, FRA
  F6   Gr 4    
90 NAC 91 Christian Poirot, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR – Porsche 911/75
Christian Poirot, FRA
-
  F6   Gr 4    
91 NAC 92 Marc Geudin, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR – Porsche 911/75
Marc Geudin, FRA
Bernard Perroy, FRA
Pierre Milluy, FRA
  F6   Gr 4    
92 NAC - Daniel Thiaw, SEN
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR - Porsche 911/75
Daniel Thiaw, SEN
Gérard Picard, FRA
  F6   Gr 5    
93 NAC - Dominique Thiry, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR - Porsche 911/75
Dominique Thiry, FRA
Christian Lorang, FRA
  F6   Gr 5    
94 NAC - Lucien Nageotte, FRA
Porsche 911 Carrera RSR - Porsche 911/75
-
-
  F6   Gr 4    
95 NAC - J.Y. Mitre, FRA
GLD - Porsche
Jean-Louis Gama, FRA
Peter Morrisey, GBR
Andre Reboul, FRA
  F6   Gr 5    

 

Class Winners:

Sports Group 6, 2001- 3000cc Jacky Ickx , BEL / Gijs van Lennep, NED Porsche 936
Sports Group 6, 2000cc F. Trisconi, SUI / G. Morand, SUI / A. Chevalley, SUI Lola T292 - Cosworth
Group 5 Rolf Stommelen, DEU / Manfred Schurti, LIE Porsche 935
Group 4 "Segolen" (André Gahinet), FRA / Michel Ouviére, FRA / Jean-Yves Gadal, FRA Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
IMSA Jean-Pierre Laffeach, FRA / John Rulon-Miller, USA / Tom Vaugh, USA Porsche 911 Carrera RSR
GT Prototype Henri Pescarolo, FRA / Jean-Pierre Beltoise, FRA Inaltera - Ford Cosworth DFV
Group 2 J.-L. Ravenel, FRA/ J.-M. Detrin, FRA/ J. Ravenel, FRA BMW
NASCAR No finishers  
GTX No finishers  

 

DNF Did Not Finish
DQ Disqualified
NC Not Classified
DNS Did Not Start
DNQ Did Not Qualified
DNA Did Not Arrive
DND Did Not Drive
REE Reserve Entry
NAC Not Accepted

 

Tyres: GY=GoodYear, D=Dunlop, M=Michelin

 

Index Page

1975

1977

File created 1999-05-15, last update 2017-10-30